🧠 Introduction to PCB Design

Printed Circuit Board (PCB) design is the backbone of modern electronics. It involves creating a physical layout that connects electronic components to perform specific functions. This section introduces the main components of a typical PCB design.

⚡ Power Supply

The power supply provides the necessary voltage and current to all components on the PCB. It can be:

• Linear regulators or switch-mode power supplies (SMPS)
• Battery-powered or external DC adapters
• Includes capacitors for filtering and diodes for protection Power Supply Diagram

🧠 Microcontroller

The microcontroller is the brain of the PCB. It executes instructions, controls peripherals, and manages data flow.

• Examples: STM32G031K8
• Interfaces: GPIO, UART, SPI, I2C
• Often includes onboard memory and timers Microcontroller PCB

🎛️ Peripherals

Peripherals are external components that interact with the microcontroller to perform tasks.

• Sensors (temperature, motion, light)
• Actuators (motors, relays)
• Displays, LEDs, buttons, and communication modules Peripheral Integration

🔌 Hardware Interfacing

This refers to the physical and logical connections between components.

• Connectors, headers, and sockets
• Communication protocols: UART, SPI, I2C, USB
• Signal integrity and impedance matching are crucial Interface Protocols

Summary